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+ ''this article was fully published at [http://people.makeart.goto10.org/|FLOSS+ART] colective book'' +
::__Free Studios__::
by ''Fabianne B. Balvedi, Guilherme R. Soares, Adriana Veloso, Flavio Soares''
+ translated by ''Tori Holmes''
Summary: This article presents the Estúdio Livre (Free Studio) project – a collaborative environment for research, development, experimentation and production in free media – based on the perspective that one of the biggest innovations of the digital world is to be found in the structure of division of labour which takes place in an open network and of which free software is the best example. The methodology proposed illustrates the breaking down of barriers between producer and consumer as an example of collective intelligence as well as of changes in aesthetic, economic and social paradigms in contemporary society. @@ -Linhas: 27-31 mudou para +Linhas: 31-35 @@
As for scientists, in this environment they find an enormous incentive for creativity and breaking down the distances between scientific technique and the artist, bringing the awareness that producing a code or designing an interface or machine can be a technique loaded with communicative intention and as playful as making brush strokes on a canvas or strumming a guitar. A much less technocentric vision of scientific work is stimulated, bringing back the figure of the inventor and adding poetry to the mix.
- __2.2. Artists and Cultural Producers: Collaborative Means of Production__
+ __2.2 Artists and Cultural Producers: Collaborative Means of Production__
Without a doubt, the way free software is produced represents one of the most successful models ever known of organic and participatory management of collective work. The idea of producing collaboratively, using internet-based interfaces for editing code, version control, discussion forums and email lists, stimulated the construction of systems which are today so proficient for certain application niches that they have overtaken proprietary applications, such as in the case of web servers. This happens because there is also open dialogue between the various parties – this is a more direct and intelligent way to solve problems and implement innovations than in a closed approach in which the parties isolate themselves from everything, cloaked in secrecy. @@ -Linhas: 37-45 mudou para +Linhas: 41-49 @@
__3. The Environment__
- Estúdio Livre is a collaborative environment which emerged from the combined perception of people with the most varied backgrounds about the need for research into – and deeper knowledge of – the use and development of free media. The media contextualised through this environment corresponds to communications media, that is, it refers to the instrument or the content form used to carry out the communication process. Since software is an instrument for interaction which makes possible communication between a human and a machine, it may also be considered media, reinforcing ~np~McLuhan~/np~'s (1967) hypothesis that the medium is the message. The main objective of Estúdio Livre is active research, and supporting and encouraging the production and circulation of free cultural goods, in other words works which can be freely distributed, remixed and retransmitted in a legal way and without any kind of restriction on access. Both virtually and in person, Estúdio Livre's activities and participation take place in the most free way possible. Proposals are made and these are added or other activities removed, depending on the profile of the group in each activity. All the tools in the environment are based on the concepts of free software, open knowledge and technological appropriation. The stimulus for interaction comes from workshops, media labs, free archives, user manuals, forums, personal blogs, research groups, discussions taking place via list and other differentiated tools for collaboration. The maintenance costs for the project include a small part which is voluntary on behalf of the collective and another larger part which comes from its partners: the Free Software Project - Paraná (PSL-PR) and the Digital Culture sector of the Brazilian Ministry of Culture (MinC). PSL-PR was the cradle of the project and administers some of the network services, which the MinC maintains the server and a small team dedicated to the maintenance of the environment. The main reason for this partnership is the support provided to the Cultural Hotspots (Pontos de Cultura) which form part of the Ministry's Living Culture Programme ([http://www.cultura.gov.br/programas_e_acoes/cultura_viva|Programa Cultura Viva]).
+ Estúdio Livre is a collaborative environment which emerged from the combined perception of people with the most varied backgrounds about the need for research into – and deeper knowledge of – the use and development of free media. The media contextualised through this environment corresponds to communications media, that is, it refers to the instrument or the content form used to carry out the communication process. Since software is an instrument for interaction which makes possible communication between a human and a machine, it may also be considered media, reinforcing ~np~McLuhan~/np~'s (1967) hypothesis that the medium is the message. The main objective of Estúdio Livre is active research, and supporting and encouraging the production and circulation of free cultural goods, in other words works which can be freely distributed, remixed and retransmitted in a legal way and without any kind of restriction on access. Both virtually and in person, Estúdio Livre's activities and participation take place in the most free way possible. Proposals are made and these are added or other activities removed, depending on the profile of the group in each activity. All the tools in the environment are based on the concepts of free software, open knowledge and technological appropriation. The stimulus for interaction comes from workshops, media labs, free archives, user manuals, forums, personal blogs, research groups, discussions taking place via list and other differentiated tools for collaboration. The maintenance costs for the project include a big part which is voluntary on behalf of the collective and another small part which comes from its partners: the Free Software Project - Paraná (PSL-PR) and the Digital Culture sector of the Brazilian Ministry of Culture (MinC). PSL-PR was the cradle of the project and administers some of the network services, which the MinC maintains the server and a small team dedicated to the maintenance of the environment. The main reason for this partnership is the support provided to the Cultural Hotspots (Pontos de Cultura) which form part of the Ministry's Living Culture Programme ([http://www.cultura.gov.br/programas_e_acoes/cultura_viva|Programa Cultura Viva]).
__3.1 The Abstract Environment__
- __3.1.1. Administration and Development__
+ __3.1.1 Administration and Development__
At the moment the tools used for virtual interaction are located on the World Wide Web. The main ones are [http://lists.riseup.net/www/info/estudiolivre|the public discussion list] and the [http://estudiolivre.org|collaborative portal] which allow real-time editing of hypertexts as well as upload and download of documents with metadata. @@ -Linhas: 47-51 mudou para +Linhas: 51-55 @@
The general public work list was the first virtual environment for interaction amongst the community. Up to now it has been hosted on the Riseup.net technical collective's server. Although we currently have emails and [https://listas.estudiolivre.org/|discussion lists under the estudiolivre.org domain], we chose to maintain our main list under the Riseup.net domain due to this connection being characterised as a “knot in the network”, in other words a project which uses resources from another and vice versa – there are people in the Estúdio Livre community who also collaborate with Riseup.net projects such as for example the translation of its web interface, which is originally in English, into Portuguese.
- The Estúdio Livre website was originally hosted on the Utopia server, then by the Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), and is now at the University of São Paulo (USP). It is programmed in free software and can be developed by [http://dev.estudiolivre.org|any person with technical knowledge] of PHP, ~np~MySQL~/np~, Smarty and CSS. It is based on [http://br.tikiwiki.org|TikiWiki], a content management system (CMS) designed for communities and distributed under the [http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/lgpl.html|LGPL license]. People without programming knowledge can also contribute via [http://bugs.estudiolivre.org|bug reports].
+ The Estúdio Livre website was originally hosted at the [http://www.utopia.com.br/|Utopia] server, then by the [http://www.ufpr.br/|Federal University of Paraná (UFPR)], and is now at the [http://www.rnp.br/|Rede Nacional de Ensino e Pesquisa (RNP)] in Brasília. It is programmed in free software and can be [http://dev.estudiolivre.org|developed by any person with technical knowledge] of PHP, ~np~MySQL~/np~, Smarty and CSS. It is based on [http://br.tikiwiki.org|TikiWiki], a content management system (CMS) designed for communities and distributed under the [http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/lgpl.html|LGPL license]. People without programming knowledge can also contribute via [http://bugs.estudiolivre.org|bug reports].
The Estúdio Livre code is a Tiki module which consists of a group of new files, patches and SQL scripts, managed by [http://estudiolivre.org/Polvo|Polvo], a software written in Perl to carry out automatic publication on the web and locally on the developer's machine. This procedure is necessary to maintain the estudiolivre.org code separate from the ~np~TikiWiki~/np~ code. @@ -Linhas: 53-57 mudou para +Linhas: 57-61 @@
The group responsible for the development, maintenance and administration of the site, discussion lists, request verification and organisation of the information is made up mainly of more experienced users, programmers, system administrators, musicians, videomakers and producers who have been using free software for some time.
- __3.Desktop__
+ __3.1.2 Desktop__
The main aim of estudiolivre.org is to amass a community which researches, documents, experiments, produces and develops free media. For this purpose, different types of interaction options are available to users. They may either simply search for information or add to or correct incomplete content which they come across during their research. They may also make their own productions available through the Free Archive ([http://acervo.estudiolivre.org|Acervo Livre]) or download productions by other members of the site. Depending on the license used by those files, users may also remix them and upload them again in a new version. This is only legally possible because the content made available on the portal uses permissive licenses, which facilitate the most diverse types of sharing. @@ -Linhas: 75-79 mudou para +Linhas: 79-83 @@
The aim is to create a scenario for more participatory cultural and technological production, which can generate less alienated reflections than purely entertainment-driven consumption and a greater awareness of the social role of everyone involved, who come to see themselves as part of an independent, open and collective process. We call this aim Estúdio Livre Phase Two, which sets out to produce something capable of causing the impact that the film “City of God” had on the history of Brazilian cinema, but with the differential of free software and the process of methodological sharing, following in the steps of the film “Elephants Dream” which was the world's first open source film and met with critical acclaim.
- __References:__
+ __References & Bibliography:__
Castells, M. (1999), A Sociedade em Rede (The Rise of the Network Society), Paz e Terra. @@ -Linhas: 92-94 mudou para +Linhas: 96-99 @@
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-~np~ShareAlike~/np~ 2.5 license. To see a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ or write to Creative Commons, 559 Nathan Abbott Way, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
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